An increased ANB angle indicates which type of skeletal pattern?

The ANB angle is a significant cephalometric measure that helps determine the skeletal relationship between the maxilla and mandible. An increased ANB angle suggests a Class II skeletal pattern. In this context, the ANB angle is formed by three points: A (the most anterior point on the maxilla), N (the nasion), and B (the most anterior point on the mandible).

When the ANB angle is greater than the normal range (usually between 2° to 4°), it indicates that the maxilla is positioned relatively forward in relation to the mandible. This forward positioning of the maxilla, along with the backward positioning of the mandible, characterizes a Class II skeletal relationship. This condition is often associated with dental and orthodontic issues such as overjet and overbite discrepancies.

In contrast, a smaller ANB angle would typically suggest a Class I or Class III skeletal relationship, indicating either a normal occlusion or a skeletally retruded maxilla or protruded mandible, respectively. Therefore, an increased ANB angle is emblematic of a Class II skeletal pattern and is crucial for guiding orthodontic treatment planning.